What will be the values of x and y after execution and how many times the loop will execute? Can someone explain step by step?

Question

$x=0; $y=0
for($x=1; $x<=5; ++$x)
$y= $x++;
--$y;

Answer 1

x will be 7 and y will be 4.
the --$y; will only be executed after the for loop, at least I assume so because I don't see any {}

the loop will start with $x = 1 because 1 <= 5 is true.
$y gets the current value of $x, then $x gets post-incremented. So:
$y=1 and $x=2
The loop continues with $x=3 because x is pre-incremented with ++$x in the loop condition.
Again $y will get $x's current value, which is 3. Then $x will be post-incremented again.
$y = 3 and $x = 4
$x gets incremented before the execution of the code again, thus being $x = 5, $y gets the current value again and $x gets incremented afterwards.
$y=5 and $x = 6
$x gets incremented and the loop checks if $x is smaller or equal than 5, which is false because $x is 7 at this point. The for loop ends because the conditions aren't met.
Then $y gets pre-decremented, immediately changing it's value to 4.

I hope this is understandable and that I could help you :)

Answer 2

What is the value of y after this code runs?
x, y = [1, 2]
x, y = y, x

Answer :- 1