Answer 1

Is easy, check my code.
https://code.sololearn.com/cUjBN0NCWFa1/?ref=app

Answer 2

Gurseerit ,

If you don't want to use upper API then below is the other way to do it. If your string has other than lowercase character then you have to manage it.
print(''.join([chr(ord(x)-32) for x in input()]))