Какая разница между функциями // и ％？

Answer 1

// is a floor division - it rounds down the division result to the nearest lower integer
% returns the remainder of the division

17 // 4 = 4 (17/4=4.25, rounded down is 4)
17 % 4 = 1 (1 is a remainder of the division above)

Answer 2

If you want to do both, divmod(a,b) returns (a//b, a%b)

Answer 3

https://code.sololearn.com/W7X805sc4DPC/?ref=app