Can you please explain me how this program works to convert Uppercase Character to Lowercase.

Question

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
char ch;
cout<<"Enter a character in uppercase : ";
cin>>ch;
ch=ch+32;
cout<<"character in lowercase = "<<ch;
getch();

}

Answer 1

Each char and symbol has a predefined ascii value
Suppose you input A having ascii value of 65
ch adds 32 to it.. it gives value of 97
97 is the ascii value for a
Thus converting A to a and so on

You can refer Ascii table for more details

Answer 2

The way to get a lowercase alphabet that way needs care actually, because if the user types in a character which is not within A-Z the result can be confusing, you should check first whether or not the character is between A-Z :)

Answer 3

Actually, there is a easy way.
you should include <cctype>.
#include <cctype>
int main{
char ch;
cin>> ch;
ch = tolower(ch); //tolower() function converts uppercase to lowercase
ch = toupper(ch); //toupper() function converts lower to upper
}