The best programming languages for Linux(Ubuntu) programming...

Answer 1

C/C++ is the lingua franca of almost all *nix systems (including Linux). Just make sure you use the command line for compiling and debugging. Aside from that Python and Haskell also work well. D and Go too.
And then there's Bash, but I'm not sure if that counts.

Answer 2

1) C++
2) Java
3) Python

Answer 3

I think, C++ is the best choice for first language and for Linux OS
IMHO

Answer 4

python