How the Google Search is working and fetching results quickly?

Question

You are expected to research more about the Google Search and find some interesting about the quick searching among a trillion of data on the internet.
You are supposed to tell this on some format like this :
1) What are the technologies used in the Google Search Engine
2) What is happening when we enter a sentence in the Google Search bar
3) How they speed up the Google search to provide the answers within a short time
All are expected to give a wonderful response.

Answer 1

Is this your homework? 🤔
A first source might be
https://computer.howstuffworks.com/internet/basics/google1.htm

Or just google how google search engine works ;p
It's not easy, to grasp it in detail but very interesting 👍