What's the difference between functions and methods in python?

Answer 1

I also find out there's is a difference in calling.

To call a function we pass like an argument.

Function call:

a = "Hello"
print (a)

Method call:
To call a method we use dot operator as follows

a.lower ()

#makes every character lower case

Answer 2

Methods are functions that are associated with a class.

The most common use case is that every instance of that class can use these methods - as if you press a button on a tool.

Let's look at a method of the builtin class 'list':

a = [3, 5, 1]
b = ['h', 'g', 'z']

a.sort()
b.sort()

So you can press the 'sort button' (use the sort method) on both the different lists, that even contain different stuff.

And it works - a will be sorted from lowest to highest, b alphabetically.