"Data hiding " is achieved via encapsulation or abstraction?

Answer 1

Both, but its more on the side of avoiding free flow of data on programs. These things will be quite important when you start working on medium-large scaled project involving quite a couple of classes

Answer 2

Although it is possible to say both, the real answer would be 'encapsulation' .
Reason : Abstraction only allows making relevant information visible, meaning that it makes the attention all diverted into relevant information. "Useless" information still can be seen if the system wanted to. However, encapsulation hides information from the system, meaning that even if the system wanted more "useless" information, it can't get it.

Answer 3

this means DATA HIDING refers to avoiding free flow of data on program or Making strict access conditions over critical data?