what is use of "&" in this code?

Question

a = [ x & 1 for x in range(3) ]
print(a)
#output
#[ 0, 1, 0]

Answer 1

x & 1 is a bitwise operation. It will check if the last digit of the binary representation of x is 1, which is true for odd numbers and false for even numbers.

Answer 2

bitwise and. if you imagine lining the bits in columns, the result will have a 1 where both inputs are 1 and 0 otherwise.
e.g.
101 & 011 = 001.
so this effectively shows you odd/even by using a 1/0