Как в C++ работать с графикой?

Answer 1

Need third party libraries.

sdl - https://www.libsdl.org/download-2.0.php
sfml - https://www.sfml-dev.org/

there are many others in addition to these two.

Answer 2

You can try to use Qt.
It has good documentation with many examples and user friendly IDE (QtCreator)

https://www.qt.io/developers/