What is meant by arguments and functions?

Answer 1

Arguments are parameters passed to a function that then processes them accordingly. Zeke Williams' post defines this.

Answer 2

Arguments are what you pass into functions. For example this function in c++,

int AddTogether(int a, int b) {
return (a + b);
}

takes two 'arguments' a and b and returns the sum of each of them. You can use it like this:

int main() {
int x = 5, y = 13;
int z = AddTogether(x, y);
cout << z << endl;
} // outputs 18