What the essence of having a "protected" type inside a class? is it different from private?

Question

https://code.sololearn.com/c8UGkaEJ21VN/?ref=app

Answer 1

https://stackoverflow.com/a/224977

Answer 2

I believe protected values and methods, can be inherited by derived classes .

While private is not inherited by the derived class

Here is an example

https://code.sololearn.com/cTHpbeg0MUr5/?ref=app