confused i loop

Question

why we got 5 in this code?
https://code.sololearn.com/W5ZxCLX0K7Mi/?ref=app

Answer 1

In your 'for' loop you're implicitly declaring the 'i' variable, which makes it a global variable, which you must be aware of since you're using the 'i' variable after the 'for' loop.

Here's a breakdown of the execution workflow for your code:

The first iteration of the 'for' loop starts with 'i' having a value of 0.

'i' is then incremented in the loop's body (i = i + 1), making it's value 1.

Once execution of the loop's body is complete 'i' is incremented again (i++), making it's value 2.

2 is less than 3, so the loop's body is executed again.

Again 'i' is incremented in the loop's body (i = i + 1), bringing it's value to 3.

And again 'i' is incremented once execution of the loop's body is complete (i++), bring it's value to 4.

4 is greater than 3, so the loop is exited.

The following 'if' statement evaluates to true, since 4 % 2 equals 0, and then 'i' is incremented once more, bringing it's value to 5.