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What does it mean << and >> in Python?

I can't understand them. Could you please explain?

29th Apr 2020, 5:00 AM
Nijat Hajiyev
Nijat Hajiyev - avatar
2 Respostas
+ 1
Those are bitwise operators. The << shifts the bits to the left (which multiplies a value by 2^N) and the >> shifts the bits to the right (which divides a value by 2^N). To visualize what is happening, think of the number 12 stored in a 4-bit byte. It's representation in memory will be: Binary: 1 1 0 0 Decimal: 8, 4, 2, 1 If you right shift 12 by 1 (12 >> 1) then all the bits are shifted right one step and you now have the value 6 (a division by 2^1). The binary value of 6 is 0 1 1 0. So the leftmost bits were shifted from 1 1 0 0 ---> 0 1 1 0. If you now left-shift 6 by one (6 << 1) those bits are shifted back to their original place (turning into a multiplication of 6 by 2^1) which is 12, and the binary representation is back to 1 1 0 0. From 0 1 1 0 ---> 1 1 0 0. If we right-shift 12 by 2 (12 >> 2) we're moving all the bits 2 steps to the right and the value is now 0 0 1 1 in binary, or the decimal number 3. It's the same as 12 / (2 ^ 2) = 3 There is a danger that we may shift the bits too far left or right so the bit may be shifted off one end. If we right-shift the number 3 we'll drop one bit. A left-shift would not return the lost bit instead it would shift the rightmost bit left and a 0 will fill the place of the lost bit. 0 0 1 1 ---> 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 ---> 0 0 1 0
29th Apr 2020, 5:37 AM
Damyian G
Damyian G - avatar
29th Apr 2020, 10:15 AM
ANJALI SAHU